Kettering Polysomnography (PSG) Practice Test

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• If a patient's time in bed (TIB) is 380 minutes, sleep onset latency is 30 minutes, and total wake time after sleep onset (WASO) is 34 minutes, what is the total sleep time (TST) for this patient?
• What condition might be indicated if a patient experiences excessive daytime sleepiness?
• What does a PSG report typically include?
• What is the recommended MAXIMUM desirable sampling rate for recording oximetry?
• The ECG tracing shows an atrial rate of 80/min and a ventricular rate of 32/min with an undetermined PR interval and a widened QRS complex. This best describes which condition?
• What is the main purpose of a split-night polysomnography study?
• Which sleep stage contains "Berger" waves of 8 - 13 hertz?
• Why is it important to analyze snoring patterns during a PSG?
• Which of the following is a common tool used for sleep monitoring?
• What is the role of actigraphy in sleep studies?
• What is the most effective method to eliminate a 60Hz artifact?
• If a unit has a pen deflection of 8 mm and a sensitivity of 5 uV/mm, what is the voltage?
• What is the appropriate action if signals during PSG show motion artifact?
• What information is crucial to obtain during a patient interview before a PSG?
• What parameter is primarily evaluated by a capnometer during PSG?
• Which of the following best describes REM sleep?
• Bright light therapy stimulates which component of the brain through the optic nerve?
• Which of the following is NOT a mandatory guideline for the accreditation of a sleep lab?
• How might sleep apnea affect overall health in the long term?
• What is the significance of sleep architecture analysis in a PSG?
• All of the following are considered sleep disorders EXCEPT?
• What factor can influence the results of a polysomnography study?
• What would a technologist expect to observe in a patient with a REM disorder during a repeat sleep study?
• Which scoring rule is used to categorize alpha waves during sleep?
• In a split-night study, what is the likely cause of spiked T waves on the ECG channel?
• What does a high amplitude burst in EEG usually indicate?
• How much voltage is required to move a current of 4.5 amperes through a circuit with a resistance of 4.2 ohms?
• The difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit, expressed in volts, is best described by which of the following?
• Which unit is used to describe EEG sensitivity?
• Which of the following is NOT approved by the AASM to treat sleep apnea?
• What does an increased sleep latency generally indicate in a polysomnography study?
• What does a high apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) indicate in sleep studies?
• What does the term "epoch" refer to in PSG scoring?
• What device is commonly utilized to provide non-invasive ventilation in patients with sleep-disordered breathing?
• What happens to muscle tone during REM sleep?
• Which element is essential for a sleep technician to ensure data accuracy during PSG?
• What is the distance from Fpz to F8?
• Which monitoring device is commonly used to assess oxygen saturation during sleep?
• Which condition is often assessed during a polysomnography study to determine sleep architecture?
• What are the primary reasons for recording eye movements during a sleep study?
• How can a technologist evaluate the pressure delivered by a malfunctioning CPAP machine?
• What is a common symptom reported during sleep history assessments?
• What is the significance of sleep efficiency as measured in a sleep study?
• What does the EMG measure in a sleep study?
• What does "EEG arousal" indicate in a sleep study?
• For a patient with a sleep-related breathing disorder, what is the most appropriate way to evaluate them?
• What is considered a normal respiratory rate during sleep?
• What is the primary purpose of a Polysomnography (PSG) study?
• If the T wave in an ECG is upright and similar in size to the P wave, how should this be interpreted?
• During a sleep study, which component should be checked first if unobtainable respiratory tracings appear using impedance plethysmography?
• Which factor is NOT typically measured during polysomnography?
• Which component of the sleep study assesses muscle activity?
• A physician has diagnosed a patient with Wittmaach-Elbborn's syndrome. Which condition does this syndrome best describe?
• What does the EEG measure during a polysomnography study?
• What is the resistance in a circuit where the current is 5.8 amperes and the voltage is 12 volts?
• What is the main benefit of titration studies during polysomnography?
• What is a common treatment approach for patients experiencing paradoxical insomnia?
• Which of the following is part of good sleep hygiene?
• What common symptom might lead a physician to recommend a polysomnography study?
• What is a possible conclusion regarding an 80-year-old man showing signs of dementia and confusion in the early evening?
• Which of the following is true regarding sleep study environments?
• What is a common treatment for patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea?
• Which medication is known to have a sedative effect and is often used in sleep studies?
• What should a technologist adjust to improve the appearance of distorted EEG waveforms during a sleep study?
• An extreme high frequency filter setting would likely cause which of the following effects in an EEG waveform?
• What is the most common surgical procedure for treating obstructive sleep apnea?
• Which respiratory parameter indicates the oxygen saturation levels during sleep?
• What should a technologist do if a patient with emphysema has an initial pulse oximetry reading of 80%?
• What physiological measurement does a thermistor primarily relate to?
• How is obstructive sleep apnea primarily treated?
• Which sleep disorder is characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep?
• Which solution is sporicidal in 10 hours?
• Sleep state misperception is also known as?
• During a sleep study, a tech observes a patient exhibiting a series of slow, deep breaths holding each one for 60-90 seconds. This pattern can be best described as?
• How would you calculate the input voltage with a pen deflection of 18mm and a sensitivity of 5 uV/mm?
• Which of the following is indicative of good sleep hygiene practices?
• What is the recommended number of observed hypopnea needed in an adult patient before increasing the pressure during a titration?
• What is the standard duration of a full-night polysomnography study?
• Polysomnography is primarily focused on the assessment of which aspect of health?
• What is the primary difference between central and obstructive apnea?
• What is a common feature of obstructive sleep apnea during a sleep study?
• Which of the following conditions requires a special consideration for PSG evaluation due to possible hypoventilation?
• What is a common signal used to detect snoring in PSG?
• How does the AASM define a hypopnea event?
• What does a low oxygen saturation level during sleep indicate?
• What type of sleep seen in infants is very similar to adult NREM sleep?
• Which type of sleep is considered the deepest phase?
• What is the primary purpose of polysomnography?
• What is a miscalibrated sensitivity likely to affect during a PSG?
• What does the term "Sleep Efficiency" refer to?
• Which phase of sleep is characterized by no eye movement and minimal muscle activity?
• What cardiac arrhythmia requires immediate intervention?
• How is sleep architecture defined?
• If the distance from Fpz to Oz is 48 cm, what is the expected distance from Pz to Oz?
• What role does a technician play in polysomnography?
• If the voltage is 500 uV and the sensitivity is 150 uV, what would the pen deflection be?
• What does the term "sleep latency" refer to in polysomnography?
• What is the least invasive method applied for assessing sleep-related breathing disorders?
• What is a common symptom of sleep disordered breathing during REM sleep?
• What is the recommended position for the placement of the thoracic strain gauge?
• In a patient with hyperkalemia, how would the T wave on an ECG strip typically appear?
• Which of the following is NOT typically monitored during a sleep study?
• What does a high number of apneas indicate in terms of a sleep apnea diagnosis?
• What is the distance from Oz to O1 if the circumference of the patient's head is 56 cm?
• What should a technologist do if instructed to use two separate ground conditions in a PSG?
• In interpreting sleep study results, an epoch is generally understood as what?
• What can an increased number of awakenings during sleep indicate?
• In which scenario would a sleep technologist be most likely to increase pressure during titration?
• What type of sleeper is demonstrated by abnormal limb movements during sleep?
• How is sleep efficiency defined?
• How long will acid glutaraldehyde function as a sporicidal?
• What defines the first epoch of any stage of sleep?
• What does an increased heart rate typically indicate during a sleep study?
• What term describes the recurring pattern of sleep cycles throughout the night?
• High amplitude bursts of EEG activity greater than 13 Hz are described as what?
• What is a key reason for understanding sleep efficiency in sleep studies?
• What diagnostic criteria must be met to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea?
• Which stage of sleep is characterized by increased heart rate and irregular breathing?
• If G1 and G2 receive an input of 50 uV, what would the output signal be?
• What is the significance of the sleep study finding a "rebound effect"?
• What breathing pattern is described as recurrent central apneas alternating with a crescendo-decrescendo of tidal volume?
• What effect does refusing to remove fingernail polish prior to pulse oximetry have on the reading?
• Which sleep stage produces irregular sharply peaked eye movements with an initial deflection usually lasting LESS than 500 msec?
• Which of the following is not a component of malpractice prevention?
• How is sleep fragmentation assessed in PSG?
• What is the most common sleep disorder diagnosed with polysomnography?
• What is the recommended low frequency filter (LFF) and high frequency filter (HFF) for an EMG channel?
• What should not be included when informing a patient of his/her medical rights?
• Which of the following would NOT be necessary when gathering equipment for an MSLT?
• When a patient inquires about who will conduct their sleep study, they expect to be informed about what?
• Which type of sleep study is most appropriate for assessing a suspected case of narcolepsy?
• During sleep, which wave pattern is predominant in NREM sleep?
• In polysomnography, which of the following parameters is primarily used to assess airflow?
• How many stages of sleep are commonly identified in a polysomnography study?
• What is a common finding in a PSG report for someone with narcolepsy?
• What is the recommended minimum sampling rate for electromyography on a digital computer?
• Why is calibrating the mechanical baseline important in PSG?
• Which stage of sleep is primarily associated with deep sleep and restorative processes?
• What is the recommended minimum required length for an arousal?
• What does actigraphy primarily measure in sleep studies?
• What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in sleep regulation?
• How does sleep deprivation affect PSG outcomes?
• What would increase the resolution of EEG spikes?
• What is the primary purpose of polysomnography?
• What is the recommended compression depth for performing CPR on a child?
• A patient with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is most at risk for?
• Which sleep stage is characterized by rapid eye movement and is associated with vivid dreams?
• What is the recommended decrease in SPO2 needed for an event to be scored as a central apnea?
• What is the recommended body position for patients suspected of having sleep apnea during PSG?
• What does RIP stand for in polysomnography?
• Given the specifications, what should the sensitivity be set to?
• What is the typical scoring criteria for sleep stages in polysomnography?
• What is the ability of a differential amplifier to minimize signals similar to both inputs known as?
• What nocturnal monitoring technique involves assessing the change in airflow with a pressure sensor placed over the nasal area?
• Which of the following stages of sleep typically has the lowest arousal threshold?
• Why is patient education important prior to undergoing polysomnography?
• Odine's curse mainly affects which of the following patients?
• A patient diagnosed with circadian rhythm disorder should be recommended which therapy?
• Which type of electrode is typically used to measure EEG activity?
• What is a common clinical feature of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)?
• A patient has a MSLT score of 8; how should this score be interpreted?
• What factor is most likely to affect the accuracy of sleep studies?
• A patient who goes to bed at 3:00 AM and wakes at 2:00 PM is exhibiting which of the following conditions?
• What score on the Epworth sleepiness scale indicates normal sleepiness?
• What type of sleep is primarily restorative and involves deep sleep stages?
• A patient had sleep onset at epoch 30 and the first stage of REM at epoch 250. How should REM latency be scored?
• A patient with narcolepsy would benefit most from which of the following medications?
• During which sleep stage is the arousal threshold the highest?
• Which method is considered the "gold standard" for recording respirations from thoracic and abdominal areas?
• During which sleep stage does the majority of vigorous muscle activity occur?
• What is the current in a circuit with a resistance of 4.0 ohms and a voltage of 20 volts?
• What is the purpose of a sleep diary in the context of sleep studies?
• Why is it important to monitor limb movements during sleep?
• How many observed hypopneas are recommended for a pediatric patient before increasing pressure during a titration?
• What is the term for the period of increased heart rate during REM sleep?
• What can happen if a sleep study identifies frequent awakenings?
• Which of the following medications is known to cause respiratory depression if administered in large doses?
• What does the observation of Cheyne-Stokes breathing often indicate?
• What is the minimum peak-to-peak voltage needed to identify a K complex?
• What is the significance of heart rate variability in a sleep study?
• A patient with a nasal-oral cannula has a TeCO2 display of 3%. How would this condition best be described?
• What is the most appropriate method to establish airways in a patient with a suspected neck fracture?
• Which condition is most likely to cause ECG artifact during a sleep study?
• What is the role of the EOG in polysomnography?
• What is the minimum amount of time a patient can take to fall asleep during an MSLT?
• How can caffeine consumption affect sleep architecture evaluated during PSG?
• What is a common treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?
• What potential side effect must be monitored in patients using CPAP?
• Why is REM sleep significant in polysomnography?
• If the spacing between the two EOG channels is not equal, what should the technologist calibrate?
• Patient grounding can best be described as which of the following?
• What does the term "hypopnea" mean in polysomnography results?
• During which stage of sleep is an average adult most predominantly found in the first third of the night?
• According to AASM scoring guidelines, what is the minimum and maximum frequency for rhythmic movement disorder?
• Which PAP unit provides pressure relief when exhaling without causing the airways to collapse?
• What is one of the key reasons to perform a polysomnography study?
• What does the term "vegetative organism" refer to?
• Which neurotransmitter's reduced levels would decrease the amount of sleep?
• Which condition is most associated with a high apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)?
• Which sleep disorder is characterized by uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day?
• What does "terminal sleep disturbance" refer to in insomnia patients?
• If the distance from the Nation to the inion is 32 cm, what is the distance from the inion to Oz?
• What physiological changes are assessed during a PSG?
• Which of the following disorders is commonly evaluated through a sleep study?
• What can significant periodic limb movements during sleep indicate?
• The term "Zeitgebers" refers to signals in the brain that help synchronize which of the following?
• Which of the following can occur during Stage REM EXCEPT?
• Which of the following is a common characteristic of REM sleep?
• What would be most helpful for a physician in diagnosing advanced sleep syndrome?
• What is the function of a pulse oximeter during a sleep study?
• Which EEG electrode site is located half the distance from O1 to T3?
• Which classification of sleep apnea is primarily characterized by the central nervous system's inability to signal muscles to breathe?
• Which factor stimulates breathing in a patient with COPD?
• What is the most common cause of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with Down syndrome?
• Which of the following is an outcome of effective patient education for PSG?
• What best describes an obstructive apnea?
• What should the sleep technologist do if a 12 lead ECG has 10 electrodes placed on a patient prior to an overnight PSG?
• How is Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) titration utilized in PSG?
• Which EEG electrode is located halfway from F8 to Fz?
• What type of channel is primarily used to measure thoracic and abdominal effort?
• What is the first step a technologist should take if the ECG channel becomes a straight line during PSG?
• Which hormone is closely associated with sleep regulation?
• During a PSG for a female patient with anemia, how will transcutaneous monitoring values likely compare to normal values?
• In polysomnography, what does the term "apnea" refer to?
• In the context of sleep studies, what does REM stand for?
• From sleep onset to the first epoch of REM is referred to as what?
• Which log frequency filter setting is most appropriate for EEG waveforms to return to baseline and be recorded clearly?
• In polysomnography, which parameter indicates autonomic nervous system activity?
• How many years does the American Academy of Sleep Medicine grant laboratory accreditation for?
• How does sleep quality typically change following caffeine withdrawal?